Gendelman O, Amital H, Bragazzi NL, Watad A, Chodick G.
Continuous hydroxychloroquine or colchicine therapy does not prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2: Insights from a large healthcare database analysis
[published online ahead of print, 2020 May 4].Autoimmun Rev. 2020;102566. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102566
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アブストラクト（抄録）
背景
リウマチ性疾患/自己免疫疾患の患者さんの治療に一般的に使用されているヒドロキシクロロキンやコルヒチンなどの疾患修飾薬の中には、「コロナウイルス病2019」（COVID-19）の治療薬としての可能性が検討されているものもあります。しかし、これらの薬剤が予防ツールとしてどのような役割を果たすのかはまだ明らかになっていない。
方法
本研究は、2020年2月23日から2020年3月31日までの研究期間中に「重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス2型（SARS-CoV-2）」のスクリーニングを受けた全患者を含む大規模な医療用コンピュータデータベースをベースにしたレトロスペクティブ研究です。SARS-CoV-2陽性と判定された被験者と陰性と判定された被験者との間で、ヒドロキシクロロキン/コルヒチン療法の投与率を比較した。
結果
全サンプル14,520人を対象にSARS-CoV-2感染のスクリーニングが行われ、1317人が陽性となった。SARS-CoV-2感染陽性者と陰性者の間では、ヒドロキシクロロキンまたはコルヒチンの使用率に有意差は認められなかった（ヒドロキシクロロキンは0.23％対0.25％、コルヒチンは0.53％対0.48％）。
結論
これらの知見は、SARS-CoV-2感染症との戦いにおけるこれらの薬剤の保護的役割に疑問を投げかけている。
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感想
ヒドロクロロキンやコルヒチンについては、この試験を見る限りでは期待はできないのかもしれないなぁと思えます。とはいえ、継続的に後出の論文を見ていく必要がありそうです。